FIT screening reduces risk for advanced CRC
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Population-based fecal immunochemical test screening was effective at reducing risk for advanced colorectal cancer and associated mortality, according to study results.
Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen, PhD, from National Taiwan University, and colleagues wrote that there is an urgent need to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of FIT screening in population-based programs.
“Previous studies have demonstrated that FIT is less sensitive for detecting proximal advanced neoplasm than distal ones, whether the long-term effectiveness of FIT in reducing mortality from CRC and advanced-stage CRC also varies with anatomical site is therefore worthy of being investigated,” they wrote.
Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study comprising more than 5 million eligible individuals invited for FIT screening from 2004 through 2009. They estimated the effectiveness of reducing advanced-stage CRC and CRC.
Investigators found that FIT screening (exposed vs. unexposed) reduced the incidence of advanced CRC (48.4 vs. 75.7 per 100,000) and mortality (20.3 vs. 41.3 per 100,000). They also observed reductions in incidence of advanced stage CRC (adjusted RR = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.63-0.7) and deaths from CRC (aRR = 0.6; 95% CI, 0.57-0.64).
Chen and colleagues also found that FIT screening was more effective at reducing distal advanced-stage CRC (aRR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.58-0.64) and morality (aRR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.53-0.6) than proximal (aRR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77-0.9 and aRR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.66-0.8, respectively).
“Our current results on long-term effectiveness, together with the findings from previous studies, may provide a strong and consistent evidence-based policy for supporting a sustainable population-based FIT organized service screening worldwide, which is very meaningful for attaining the Sustainable Development Goal 3 of global health,” Chen and colleagues wrote.
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