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CAD diagnosed earlier in IBD patients
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are diagnosed with coronary artery disease at a younger age than non-IBD patients, whereas their outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention are similar, according to new research data.
Aiming to compare risk factors and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without IBD, researchers from the Cleveland Clinic performed a historical cohort study between January 2004 and June 2010. They identified 131 IBD patients (58.7% ulcerative colitis) with CAD using electronic health records and matched them with 524 non-IBD controls with CAD identified using Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization and Interventional Cardiac Catheterization databases.
Compared with controls, patients with IBD and CAD were younger (65.3 ± 10 years vs. 67.8 ± 11 years; P=.016), were less likely to smoke (10.7% vs. 18.7%; P=.03) and had lower BMI (28 ± 5.1 vs. 29.4 ± 6.4; P=.026). Framingham risk scores were similar between the IBD group and controls (7.3 ± 3.9 vs. 7.7 ± 3.4, respectively; P=.09), and the corresponding 10-year risk for CAD was similar between the two groups (10% vs. 11%, respectively; P=.12). The IBD group had lower rates of severe left anterior descending artery disease (56% vs. 73%; P<.0002) and multivessel CAD (71% vs. 79%; P=.048). IBD was not associated with post-PCI major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (HR=0.66; 95% CI, 0.23-1.9).
“We have found that patients with IBD are likely to be diagnosed with CAD [at] a younger age as compared with non-IBD controls and are less likely to be active smokers or obese,” the researchers concluded. “In contrast to other chronic inflammatory diseases such as [systemic lupus erythematosus], post-PCI outcomes in patients with IBD are similar to non-IBD population suggesting a possible ‘protective effect’ of lower BMI and lack of smoking.”
Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.