Chlorhexidine gluconate solution yielded positive results for irrigation of bone tumors
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According to published results, use of a 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate solution may serve as a chemical adjuvant to intralesional curettage for patients with chondrosarcomas and giant cell tumors.
Chris Moore, BS, and colleagues at the University of Washington School of Medicine analyzed the in vitro cytotoxicity of commonly used irrigation solutions on human chondrosarcoma and giant cell tumor (GCT) cells. Cells were irrigated with several independent test solutions for 2- and 5-minute intervals. The solutions included: 0.9% saline solution, sterile water, 70% ethanol, 3% hydrogen peroxide, 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and 0.3% povidone iodine. A low-cytotoxicity control (LCC) solution and a high-cytotoxicity control (HCC) solution were added for superiority and inferiority analysis.
Researchers found the 0.05% CHG solution was non-inferior to the HCC solution when chondrosarcoma cells were exposed for 5 minutes (mean cytotoxicity, 99%) and when GCT cells were exposed for 2 minutes and 5 minutes (mean cytotoxicity, 102%). They also noted sterile water was superior to the LCC solution when chondrosarcoma cells were exposed for 5 minutes (mean cytotoxicity, 28%) and when GCT cells were exposed for 2 minutes (mean cytotoxicity, 37%). Sterile water and the 3% hydrogen peroxide solution were both inferior to the HCC solution, whereas the 0.9% saline, 70% ethanol and 0.3% povidone iodine solutions were all deemed non-superior to the LCC solution under both time intervals.
With high cytotoxicity, comparable with the HCC solution, researchers deemed a 0.05% CHG solution “could serve as a potential chemical adjuvant to intralesional curettage of chondrosarcoma and GCT,” they wrote in the study.
“Further in vivo studies may be indicated to assess clinical outcomes and safety associated with the use of 0.05% CHG in the treatment of chondrosarcoma and GCT,” they added.
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