Donor-recipient blood type mismatch not of concern in osteochondral allograft procedures
Click Here to Manage Email Alerts
TAMPA, Fla. — Among patients who underwent osteochondral allograft transplantation, failure of the procedure was not linked to mismatched donor-recipient blood types, a researcher said at the Orthopaedic Research Society Annual Meeting.
“It appears that ABO and/or Rh donor-recipient blood type mismatching is not associated with a higher likelihood for failure or a higher likelihood to elicit an immune response in a failed graft,” Jonathan Williams, said.
From among 414 patients within their institution’s osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplant registry, Williams and colleagues focused on donor-recipient blood type to determine whether patients who received allografts from mismatched donors were at greater risk of an OCA revision or arthroplasty surgery vs. patients whose allografts were donor-recipient matched.
Among the 103 patients in the final analysis for whom donor-recipient blood type information was available, either from electronic medical records or the tissue bank, researchers sought a 2:1 ratio of successful OCA transplants (n = 70) to clinical failures who underwent OCA revision or arthroplasty procedures (n = 33).
When they considered Rh, ABO blood type and the combination of both Rh factor and ABO blood types, researchers found no statistical significance in any of the groups, according to Williams.
Therefore, “there is not a higher likelihood of failure given a blood type mismatch,” he said.
In addition, researchers found blood type mismatch was not associated with a higher likelihood of positive immune responses, the results showed.
Researchers drew this conclusion from histological studies they did of tissue from 18 retrieved grafts from among the 33 patients whose OCAs were deemed failures.
“We had twelve that were immune response positive and six that did not elicit an immune response,” Williams said.
A Fisher’s exact test performed to reveal differences between the two response groups showed there were none, he said, “giving way to the idea that ABO and Rh blood type mismatching does not influence the immune response found in these failed grafts.”
Concerning future work in this area, “we will continue with standard operating care in OCA transplant techniques where blood type mismatching is not considered and we will further optimize sub-rejection immune response methods so that we can improve our surgery to as low of a failure rate as possible,” Williams said.
Collapse
Williams J, et al. Paper 70. Presented at: Orthopaedic Research Society Annual Meeting; Feb. 4-8, 2022; Tampa, Fla.
Read more about
Click Here to Manage Email Alerts