Alcohol withdrawal associated with increased risks for mortality, complications after TJA
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According to published results, alcohol withdrawal syndrome is an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality, as well as medical and surgical complications, in patients who undergo total hip or knee arthroplasty.
To study the impact of alcohol withdrawal (AW) syndrome on perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications, researchers used the National Inpatient Sample database to identify 2,971,539 THAs and 6,367,713 TKAs from 2003 to 2014. They analyzed multivariable adjusted models to compare medical complications, surgical complications, mortality, cost and length of stay (LOS) in 4,033 patients (0.14%) who underwent THA with AW syndrome, 6,093 patients (0.10%) who underwent TKA with AW syndrome and a control group.
Results showed patients who underwent THA with AW were at an increased risk of medical complications (OR=2.08) and surgical complications (OR=1.75). These patients also had a 4.79 times increased risk of in-hospital mortality, a 26% increase of total cost and a 53% increase in LOS, according to the study.
Similarly, patients who underwent TKA with AW were at increased risk for medical complications (OR=3.14) and surgical complications (OR=2.07). These patients also had a 4.24-times increased risk of in-hospital mortality, a 29% increase of total cost and a 58% increase in LOS, according to the study.
“We found that AW is associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality, infectious and non-infectious medical complications and surgical complications,” the researchers wrote in the study. “Proactive surveillance and management of AW and perioperative alcohol cessation intervention may be important in improving outcomes in patients [who] underwent THA and TKA procedure[s].”
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