Corneal hysteresis may serve as biomarker for prediabetes
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INDIANAPOLIS — A positive relationship exists between corneal hysteresis and HbA1c and increased blood glucose, suggesting its use as a noninvasive biomarker in patients with glucose dysregulation, according to a presenter at Academy 2024.
“Prediabetes in the eye is vastly understudied,” Wendy Harrison, OD, PhD, FAAO, associate professor at University of Houston College of Optometry, told attendees. “We don’t actually know if prediabetes causes damage. A lot of the studies that we’ve done in my lab indicate that it likely does, but we don’t know if those changes are reversible or not.”
In a study evaluating corneal hysteresis changes in prediabetes, Harrison and colleagues enrolled 82 adults (mean age, 52.3 years) and measured IOP and corneal hysteresis values in the left eye of each participant, as well as HbA1c, central corneal thickness, duration of prediabetes, BMI and point blood glucose.
The researchers divided participants into three groups, based on HbA1c: controls (< 5.7%; n = 24), prediabetes (5.7-6.4%; n = 28) and type 2 diabetes (6.5%; n = 30).
According to results, a positive association exists between corneal hysteresis and HbA1c, as well as between corneal hysteresis and increased blood glucose and diabetes status (P < .01).
“Monitoring corneal hysteresis in a more longitudinal fashion may help us to identify some of these patients in prediabetes,” Harrison said.
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Harrison W, et al. Corneal hysteresis increases in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Presented at: Academy 2024; Nov. 6-9; Indianapolis.
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