Heart failure symptoms, self-efficacy, social supports play role in kinesiophobia
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Key takeawa y s:
- Heart failure symptoms, social support, self-efficacy for exercise and coping mode can influence fear of movement in older adults.
- Social support can improve HF symptoms and self-efficacy.
In older adults with HF, strong social support could affect kinesiophobia, or fear of movement, by influencing the severity of HF symptoms and improving disease self-care and symptom management, researchers reported.
“Our recent study demonstrated that the incidence of kinesiophobia was as high as 63.14% in patients with chronic HF,” Kaizheng Gong, MD, PhD, of the department of cardiology at the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, China, and colleagues wrote in the study background. “Kinesiophobia can significantly reduce the participation rate of exercise rehabilitation and thus is not conducive to the formation of exercise behavior in patients with heart disease. However, little is known about kinesiophobia among congestive HF patients; thus, there is insufficient guidance for the formulation of relevant intervention measures.”
Data were derived from Qin J, et al. Clin Cardiol. 2023;doi:10.1002/clc.24024.
In a cross-sectional study, Gong and colleagues analyzed data from 270 adults with congestive HF aged 60 years or older and hospitalized at Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University from January to October 2021. The average age of participants was 76 years and 23.33% of participants had been hospitalized for HF more than three times during the past year. Participants completed questionnaires distributed via face-to-face interviews that assessed HF symptoms, medical coping modes (defined as facing, avoiding and yielding), self-efficacy for exercise (assessed as patient confidence in nine situations, ranging from “little confidence” to “very confident”) and social support via the Social Support Rating Scale. The questionnaire also included a Chinese version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart.
The findings were published in Clinical Cardiology.
Researchers found that symptom status of HF (r = 0.455; P < .01), an avoidance coping mode (r = 0.393; P < .01) and yielding coping mode (r = 0.439; P < .01) were positively correlated with kinesiophobia. In contrast, self-efficacy for exercise (r = 0.53; P < .01), a facing coping mode (r = 0.479; P < .01) and social support (r = 0.464; P < .01) were negatively correlated with kinesiophobia.
In structural equation model analysis, researchers found that social support could affect kinesiophobia through the mediating variables of symptom status of HF, avoidance coping mode and exercise self‐efficacy.
“Our results suggest that a comprehensive management plan should be developed when improving kinesiophobia, including helping patients manage their symptoms well, making full use of social support systems, enhancing their exercise confidence and guiding them to actively cope with the uncomfortable experience brought by the disease in different ways,” the researchers wrote. “Although structural equation models confirmed that there was a certain relationship between kinesiophobia and the above four variables, the variables may change over time. Therefore, a longitudinal study design should be performed in the future. In addition, the specific impact of kinesiophobia on exercise behavior in older congestive HF patients also needs to be confirmed in the future.”
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