Gynecologic cancer 2022: Findings reveal racial disparities, potential of novel agents
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Several novel treatment regimens for gynecologic cancer emerged during the past year.
The FDA granted accelerated approval to an agent for epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer. Other studies highlighted benefits of novel regimens for ovarian cancer, recurrent cervical cancer and advanced endometrial cancer.
Other studies yielded insights into the effect of chemical hair-straightening products on uterine cancer risk, as well as racial disparities in gynecologic cancer.
Healio shares the following updates in gynecologic cancer research and treatment from the past year that may be relevant to your practice.
1. Black women in the U.S. appeared less likely than white women to receive guideline-concordant treatment for ovarian cancer. Even among white women, the vast majority — more than 75% — did not receive surgery and chemotherapy as recommended by National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Read more.
2. The FDA granted accelerated approval to mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx (Elahere, ImmunoGen) for treatment of certain women with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer. Read more.
3. Use of chemical hair-straightening products appeared associated with higher risk for uterine cancer. Read more.
4. Maintenance therapy with olaparib (Lynparza; AstraZeneca, Merck) and bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) extended survival for women with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer with homologous recombination deficiency. Read more.
5. Women who take aspirin frequently may be at reduced risk for ovarian cancer. Read more.
6. Rucaparib (Rubraca, Clovis Oncology) monotherapy significantly prolonged PFS compared with placebo in the first-line maintenance setting among women with advanced ovarian cancer, regardless of BRCA mutation and homologous recombination deficiency status. Read more.
7. Minimally invasive surgery conferred lower survival rates than open surgery among women with cervical cancer. The findings support open radical hysterectomy as the standard approach for this population, researchers concluded. Read more.
8. Women with mitogen-activated protein kinase-mutated low-grade serous ovarian/peritoneal carcinoma achieved significantly longer PFS and OS than women without these mutations. The findings indicate the need to develop novel treatments for women with non-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mutated ovarian cancer, according to investigators. Read more.
9. Black women undergoing treatment for gynecologic cancer reported significantly higher levels of race-associated stress than white women. Black women also experienced increased treatment interruptions, longer time to treatment initiation and longer treatment interruptions. Read more.
10. Folate receptor alpha expression predicted benefit from mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx in platinum-resistant high-grade serous epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancers. Read more.
11. Only about one-third of women with commercial insurance underwent genetic testing for ovarian cancer between 2008 and 2018 despite recommendations for universal testing. Read more.
12. Cemiplimab (Libtayo; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi) extended OS compared with single-agent chemotherapy for women with recurrent cervical cancer. Read more.
13. Trametinib (Mekinist, Novartis) should be a new standard of care for women with recurrent low-grade serous carcinoma, according to investigators of a phase 2/phase 3 study. Read more.
14. Lenvatinib (Lenvima, Eisai) plus pembrolizumab (Keytruda, Merck) conferred significantly longer PFS and OS than chemotherapy among women with advanced endometrial cancer. Read more.
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