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Serum 25-(OH)D insufficiency often leads to deficiency
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During a median 7-year period, half of adults with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency developed deficiency despite an increase in use of vitamin D supplementation, according to findings published in Clinical Endocrinology.
Naim M. Maalouf, MD, associate professor of medicine at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, and colleagues evaluated data from the Dallas Heart Study (DHS) on 2,045 adults with serum 25-(OH)D measured on two occasions (DHS1, 2000-2002, and DHS2, 2007-2009) to determine the temporal trends in 25-(OH)D, prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and factors influencing the trends. Median interval between the two measurements was 7 years.
Level of 25-(OH)D decreased from 42.7 mmol/L in DHS1 to 39.4 mmol/L in DHS2 (P < .001). Vitamin D supplementation increased from 7.2% to 23% (P < .0001) and vitamin D deficiency increased from 60.6% to 66.4% (P < .0001).
Among participants with 25-(OH)D insufficiency in DHS1, 51.6% developed 25-(OH)D deficiency in DHS2. Among participants with adequate 25-(OH)D in DHS1, 39.8% developed 25-(OH)D insufficiency and 22.5% developed 25-(OH)D deficiency in DHS2. Serum 25-(OH)D decline was greater in men compared with women (–8 nmol/L vs. –3.5 nmol/L; P < .0001), in Hispanic participants compared with white and black participants (P < .0001), in nonusers compared with users of vitamin D supplements (P = .032), in participants without obesity compared with those with obesity (P = .005) and in summer compared with winter study participants (P = .002).
“We found that 25-(OH)D levels decreased by a small but significant amount in a diverse cohort of Dallas County participants from the DHS1 (2000-2002) to the DHS2 (2007-2009). In multivariable analyses, the features most predictive of a decline in 25-(OH)D value include male sex, Hispanic ethnicity, and obesity. Continued evaluation of secular trends in serum 25-(OH)D, the health consequences of vitamin D deficiency, its modifiable causes, and the clinical efficacy of supplementation remain of public health importance.” – by Amber Cox
Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.
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