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DPP-IV activity linked to mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes
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In elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, mild cognitive impairment may be independently associated with increased DPP-IV activities, according to study findings published in Diabetes Care.
“With the potential benefits of concurrent improvement of glycemic control and [mild cognitive impairment], research of the efficacy of DPP-IV inhibitors for treatment of [mild cognitive impairment] in type 2 diabetes is awaited,” the researchers wrote. “The possibility of identifying increased plasma DPP-IV activity as a novel biological marker or even a suitable therapeutic target for the prevention of treatment of [mild cognitive impairment] in elderly type 2 diabetic patients may represent an avenue of future investigation in this field.”
Tianpeng Zheng, MD, of the department of endocrinology and metabolism at Guilin Medical University in Guangxi province, China, and colleagues evaluated data from the Guangxi Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders study on 1,160 adults (mean age, 65.9 years) with type 2 diabetes who underwent routine health exams at the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University between 2013 and 2015.
Researchers sought to determine whether a link exists between plasma DPP-IV activities and mild cognitive impairment. Plasma DPP-IV activity, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated and diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment were made based on criteria by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association.
Compared with participants with lower DPP-IV activities, those with higher DPP-IV activities were older (P < .001), had high levels of BMI, triglycerides, LDL, HbA1c, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, nitrotyrosine and 8-iso prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2a; all P < .05), longer diabetes duration (P = .003) and lower LDL and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores (P < .001). Positive links were found between DPP-IV activity and BMI, HbA1c, IL-6, CRP, nitrotyrosine and 8-iso-PGF2a, and DPP-IV activity was negatively linked to MoCA score (all P < .05).
Overall, 30.3% of participants had mild cognitive impairment and the ORs for mild cognitive impairment increased with increasing DPP-IV quartiles.
“From a clinical perspective, we speculate that the underlying mechanisms may be partly explained by the effect of DPP-IV on inflammation and oxidative stress but not on HbA1c,” the researchers wrote. “Moreover, if increased DPP-IV activity is involved in the pathogenesis of [mild cognitive impairment] in type 2 diabetes, reduction in DPP-IV activity might be a novel treatment. DPP-IV inhibitors, which are widely used antidiabetic drugs in clinical practice, may also possess efficacy in the treatment of [mild cognitive impairment].” – by Amber Cox
Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.
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