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Sedentary time fails to predict metabolic parameters, outcome changes
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Five-year changes in metabolic parameters or metabolic outcome incidence was not predicted by sedentary time, according to recent study findings published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
Bethany Barone Gibbs, PhD, of the University of Pittsburgh, and colleagues evaluated data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study on 2,027 adults aged 38 to 50 years (57% women; mean BMI, 29 ± 7 kg/m2) to determine cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal relationships between sedentary time and metabolic parameters and outcomes.
Bethany Barone Gibbs
Researchers evaluated the following metabolic variables and outcomes at baseline and 5 years later: fasting glucose, fasting insulin, 2-hour post-challenge glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HbA1c, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, prediabetes by HbA1c and diabetes. During the baseline exam, daily activity was measured by a uniaxial accelerometer worn around the waist for 7 days during all hours awake. Data from the accelerometer were considered valid if there were 4 or more days of monitoring with 10 or more hours per day.
Seventy-six percent of participants spent between 6 and 10 hours a day sedentary.
In the cross-sectional analysis, higher fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were associated with higher amounts of sedentary time in models adjusted for demographics and lifestyle variables. A 0.9% higher fasting glucose level (P < .001), 1.5% higher 2-hour glucose (P < .001), 4.8% higher fasting insulin (P < .001) and 5.8% higher HOMA-IR level (P < .001) were all associated with each additional hour of sedentary time. No relationship was found between sedentary time and HbA1c levels.
The longitudinal analysis revealed that 5-year changes in metabolic parameters were not significantly related to sedentary time; however, in adjusted models, the relationship between sedentary time and HbA1c levels almost reached statistical significance.
There was a 2.74 greater odds for IGT for participants spending 10 or more hours a day sedentary compared with those who spent less than 6 hours a day sedentary (P = .026). Similarly, there was a 3.8 times greater odds for diabetes among participants spending 10 or more hours a day sedentary compared with those who spent less than 6 hours a day sedentary (P = .009).
Prevalent IFG, prediabetes by HbA1c or 5-year incidence of IFG, IGT, prediabetes by HbA1c or diabetes were not significantly related to sedentary time category.
“The most sedentary people were more likely to have metabolic diseases like insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes and this relationship remained after removing the effects of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,” Barone Gibbs told Endocrine Today. “However, the people with the most sedentary time were not more likely to develop metabolic disease over 5 years; this finding does not support the idea that low sedentary time prevents future metabolic disease.” – by Amber Cox
Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.
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