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Clinical characteristics, hospital outcomes differ between type 1, type 2 diabetes

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NASHVILLE, Tenn. - Age-matched patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes reveal significant differences in inpatient clinical characteristics and hospital outcomes, according to study findings here.

“Few studies have reports on the prevalence, management and clinical outcomes of patients with type 1 diabetes in the inpatient setting,” the researchers wrote.

Priyathama Vellanki, MD, of Emory University School of Medicine, and colleagues evaluated data from 13,992 patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 327) and type 2 diabetes (n = 13,595) through ICD-9 codes to determine the differences in demographics, glycemic control and clinical outcomes.

Priyathama Vellanki

Compared with the type 2 diabetes group, the type 1 diabetes group was younger (P < .001), had lower BMI (P < .001) and multiple hospital admissions (P = .001).

No differences were found between the groups for number of admissions to medicine services, non-ICU wards or median length of stay.

Chronic kidney disease was more prevalent among the type 1 diabetes group compared with the type 2 diabetes group (P < .001); however, prevalence of hypertension (P < .001) and hyperlipidemia (P < .001) was lower.

Twenty-seven percent of the type 1 diabetes group were admitted for metabolic decompensation, and 21% of the type 2 diabetes group were admitted for cardiovascular disease.

The type 1 diabetes group had higher admission glucose (P < .001), mean daily blood glucose (P < .001), number of glycemic events (P < .001), rates of acute kidney injury (P < .001) and lactic acidosis (P < .001) compared with the type 2 diabetes group. No differences were found between the groups for mortality.

“Our data indicate significant differences in inpatient clinical characteristics and hospital outcomes between age-matched patients with [type 1 diabetes] and [type 2 diabetes],” the researchers wrote. “Patients with [type 1 diabetes] have worse glycemic control [and] more hypoglycemia and hospital complications than patients with [type 2 diabetes]. Randomized controlled studies are needed to assess the impact of improved inpatient glycemic control in [type 1 diabetes].” - by Amber Cox

Reference:

Vellanki P, et al. Abstract #1211. Presented at: Presented at: AACE 24th Annual Scientific & Clinical Congress; May 13-17, 2015; Nashville, Tenn.

Disclosure: Endocrine Today was unable to confirm any relevant financial disclosures.