This article is more than 5 years old. Information may no longer be current.
Higher FPG levels with weight gain linked to energy expenditure rates
Click Here to Manage Email Alerts
Higher levels of fasting plasma glucose with weight gain appear to be associated with higher rates of basal energy expenditure and fat oxidation, according to recent findings.
Researchers evaluated Native Americans who had volunteered to participate in a longitudinal study on obesity and type 2 diabetes risk factors conducted at the inpatient clinical research unit at the Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section of the NIH in Phoenix.
One group of patients included 144 participants (96 men) who underwent two measurements, taken 5 ± 3.3 years apart, of 24-hour energy expenditure in a respiratory chamber while on a eucaloric diet. The other group included 261 participants (159 men) who underwent two measurements, taken 4.5 ± 3.2 years apart, of resting energy expenditure after an overnight fast using a respiratory hood system during the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. The clamp was used to measure basal glucose output and insulin action with concurrent metabolic rate.
Long-term follow-up data (8.3 ± 4.3 years) for weight was available for 131 participants and long-term data on body composition was available for 122 participants.
The study’s primary outcome measures were 24-hour energy expenditure and respiratory quotient, resting metabolic rate, sleeping metabolic rate, glucose and insulin levels, and basal glucose output.
Researchers found that after adjusting for changes in body composition (all P≤.05), weight gain-related increase in FPG concentrations was correlated with reduced 24-hour respiratory quotient (P=.002) and increased 24-hour energy expenditure, resting metabolic rate and fat oxidation.
With weight gain, the researchers observed a tendency toward increased basal glucose output (P=.07), whereas insulin infusion promoted a decrease in energy expenditure (P=.04). Higher FPG at baseline was predictive of subsequent weight gain due to comparatively higher energy expenditure and fat oxidation rate (P=.04).
“In conclusion, by analyzing long-term longitudinal data for body composition, [energy expenditure] and glycemic parameters in an overweight population, we have shown that increased FPG with spontaneous weight gain incudes independent changes in [energy expenditure] and macronutrient oxidation, specifically, higher rates of basal [energy expenditure] and [fat oxidation rate],” the researchers wrote. “Hyperglycemia was accompanied by a reduction in [energy expenditure] during insulin infusion and a tendency for a higher [basal glucose output] after weight gain.”
Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.
Click Here to Manage Email Alerts