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Presence of metabolic syndrome raises risk for kidney disease
Navaneethan SD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;doi:10.2215/CJN.02180311.
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Patients with metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome appear to have a 55% increased risk for decreased kidney function, microalbuminuria or overt proteinuria, according to findings from a recent meta-analysis.
Sankar D. Navaneethan, MD, of the Glickman Urological Kidney Institute at the Cleveland Clinic, and colleagues searched Medline, Scopus and the Web of Science for prospective cohort studies examining the relationship between microalbuminuria, proteinuria and chronic kidney disease with metabolic syndrome. They included 11 studies with a total of 30,416 patients in the analysis.
Results revealed a significant association between metabolic syndrome and the development of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (OR=1.55; 95% CI, 1.34-1.8). In addition, this relationship became stronger with the presence of more components of metabolic syndrome (P=.02). Data indicated that ORs for decreased eGFR in respect to each individual component were:
- 1.61 (95% CI, 1.29-2.01) for elevated blood pressure.
- 1.27 (95% CI, 1.11-1.46) for elevated triglycerides.
- 1.23 (95%CI, 1.12-1.36) for low HDL.
- 1.19 (95% CI, 1.05-1.34) for abdominal obesity.
- 1.14 (95% CI, 1.03-1.26) for impaired fasting glucose.
The researchers also reported that three studies linked metabolic syndrome with microalbuminuria or overt proteinuria.
“Primary care physicians may need to consider using metabolic syndrome as a marker to identify patients at higher risk of developing kidney disease,” Navaneethan said in a press release.
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