Genetic predisposition to denture use linked to cardiometabolic disease
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Key takeaways:
- Genetic predisposition to denture use was tied to increased odds of cardiometabolic diseases.
- Genetically predicted denture use was also linked to related risk factors such as elevated HDL and triglycerides.
Genetic predisposition to denture use was associated with increased likelihood of cardiometabolic diseases and related risk factors including dyslipidemia and elevated waist circumference, researchers reported.
“Oral diseases are common and affect almost 3.5 billion individuals globally. Several observational studies have reported associations of different oral diseases or symptoms, including periodontitis and tooth loss, with an increased risk of CVDs and diabetes,” Yunan Liu, PhD candidate at the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety at the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai, and colleagues wrote. “Likewise, intervention studies have reported the effects of treatments for oral health symptoms or diseases on risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation, which may mediate the associations between oral health and CVD.”
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Using data form the UK Biobank, Liu and colleagues conducted the present Mendelian randomization study to evaluate observational and genetic associations between denture use and cardiometabolic disease.
The analysis included 495,938 participants and the findings were published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.
Observational analyses showed that denture use was associated with elevated likelihood for CAD (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12-1.18), MI (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.13-1.24), HF (OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.19-1.31), stroke (OR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.13-1.25), ischemic stroke (OR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.12-1.27), hemorrhagic stroke (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04-1.25) and type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11-1.21).
Researchers then performed genome-wide association analyses of denture use among participants of European ancestry and identified 41 independent genetic variants tied to denture use.
Using generalized summary Mendelian randomization, Liu and colleagues reported that genetically predicted denture use was associated with increased odds for HF (OR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.2-1.83) and type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.24).
The analysis showed a slight trend toward increased odds for stroke (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 0.96-1.63; P = .156) and ischemic stroke (OR = 1.63; 95% CI, 0.93-2.7; P = .156) among participants with genetically predicted denture use, but the association was not significant.
Genetic predisposition to denture use was not associated with odds for CAD (OR = 1.13; 95% CI, 0.85-1.46; P = .449), MI (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 0.8-1.46; P = .554) or hemorrhagic stroke (OR = 2.68; 95% CI, 0.57-14.3; P = .245), according to the study.
Moreover, participants with genetically predicted denture use and/or decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces were more likely to have cardiometabolic risk factors including elevated HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and height, according to the study.
“This large study supported potential causal associations between the genetic liability for denture use and the risk for HF, any stroke, and type 2 diabetes, and related clinical risk factors,” the researchers wrote. “Further research including appropriately designed randomized controlled trials is required.”
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