Hypertension, HIV increase CVD risk
Hypertension was associated with increased risk for CVD in both individuals with and without HIV, researchers reported in Hypertension.
In addition, individuals living with HIV were at an increased risk for acute MI compared with individuals without HIV.
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“These data emphasize the importance of the prevention and treatment of hypertension among individuals with HIV,” Mohammed Siddiqui, MD, MBBS, instructor in medicine (nephrology) at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and colleagues wrote.
To examine the association between hypertension and CVD in patients with and without HIV, Siddiqui and colleagues analyzed 108,980 individuals aged 19 years or older with HIV and no history of CVD, as well as 435,920 individuals aged 19 years or older without HIV or any history of CVD from the MarketScan database between 2011 and 2019. Median follow-up was 2.3 years.
Siddiqui and colleagues found that hypertension was associated with CVD in both individuals with HIV (HR = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.52-1.96) and without HIV (HR = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.44-1.69; P for interaction = .159).
However, there was a stronger association between acute MI and hypertension in individuals with HIV (HR = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.44-2.01) compared with individuals without HIV (HR = 1.35; 95% CI, 1.22-1.51; P for interaction= .017).
Hypertension was also associated with stroke and HF in both individuals with and without HIV (P for interaction > .4).
“While the current study emphasizes the high risk for CVD associated with hypertension among individuals with HIV, additional research is needed on preventing and treating hypertension in individuals with HIV, and which drug classes are most effective in this population,” Siddiqui and colleagues wrote. “Until comparative effectiveness data are available on antihypertensive medication classes in HIV, it seems reasonable to follow recommendations for the general population.”
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