Eating behavior, emotional regulation impact CV health
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There is an association between emotional eating and CV damage in adults that can be mediated by stress levels, according to a study published in European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.
“Our results suggest that CVD prevention should also take into account eating behavior and include emotion regulation skills teaching,” Anfisa Puchkova-Sistac, of University of Lorraine in France, and colleagues wrote.
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In a longitudinal, single-center familial study of 1,109 initially healthy participants (916 adults, 193 adolescents) from the STANISLAS study cohort in the Lorraine region of France, Puchkova-Sistac and colleagues examined the associations between eating behavior and the risk for CV damage or metabolic syndrome.
Participants completed a questionnaire at the second of four clinical examination visits organized between 1993 and 2016 that assessed eating behavior, CV damage, carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity left ventricular mass, carotid intima-media thickness, diastolic dysfunction and metabolic syndrome. The median follow-up period between the second (median age of adults, 44.7 years; median age of adolescents, 15.2 years; adults, 49.7% women; adolescents, 57.5% women) and fourth/final visit (median age of adults, 58 years; median age of adolescents, 29 years) was 13.4 years.
After the follow-up period, researchers found that there was an increased risk for diastolic dysfunction in adults with a higher emotional eating score (OR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.05-1.83; P = .02). The association was mediated due to stress level by 31.9% (regression coefficient = 0.04; 95% CI, –0.001 to 0.07; P = .06).
In addition, there was a positive association between emotional eating and carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (regression coefficient = 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01-0.04; P = .01) in adults, as well as a negative association between external eating and carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (regression coefficient = –0.03; 95% CI, –0.05 to –0.01; P < .001) in adults.
Meanwhile, there were no observed associations between eating behavior and CV damage in adolescents, according to researchers.
“We can now assume that not only modulating stress levels but also emotional eating may be a potentially promising way to prevent the onset of diastolic dysfunction later in life,” the researchers wrote. “The use of emotion regulation skills through mindfulness-based intervention, including cognitive, behavioral, psychological and interpersonal therapies could be a good strategy for those patients at risk. Further clinical trial testing strategies to address psychological factors would be worth undertaking.”
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