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Redox mechanisms in allergic asthma associated with disease pathogenesis

Redox mechanisms of oxidative stress in allergic asthma played a “critical role” in disease pathogenesis and could be a therapeutic target, according to recent study results.

Researchers conducted a literature review of PubMed for redox therapy, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, allergic asthma and antioxidants. They then reviewed studies on the pathogenesis of allergic asthma by examining oxidative stress and redox signaling in molecular pathways of inflammation and hypersensitivity.

“Allergic asthma is associated with an increase in endogenous ROS formation, leading to oxidative stress-induced damage to the respiratory system and mitigated antioxidant defenses,” the researchers reported.

Environmental antigen exposure was demonstrated to stimulate ROS overproduction, which resulted in “abnormal physiologic function of DNA, proteins and lipids that clinically can augment bronchial hyperresponsiveness and inflammation.” In other human and animal trials this oxidative stress was determined to be a critical factor in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.

“Recent research suggests that the assessment of oxidative stress byproducts represents a novel method by which disease severity can be monitored,” the researchers reported. “In addition, the use of redox-based therapy to attenuate levels of ROS presents a potential strategy to alleviate oxidative stress-induced airway inflammation of patients with asthma.

“Exploring potential redox strategies to mitigate lung damage, and characterizing current models of the disorder, [we] have provided a basis for further investigation into molecular processes responsible for disease pathogenesis and novel therapeutics,” the researchers concluded.

Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.