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Phthalates may be linked to allergic disease, asthma

There is evidence that phthalates may be related to the development of allergic conditions and asthma, according to a recent analysis, although researchers emphasized that causation cannot be determined based on the current evidence.

Phthalates have been categorized as endocrine-disrupting chemicals by several medical organizations, and have been associated with oxidative stress and alterations in cytokine expression. Higher molecular-weight phthalates have been associated with allergies and asthma in multiple studies, according to Michelle L. North, PhD, of the Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, and colleagues.

“Rather than putting the medical and scientific community at ease, we suggest that the current lack of knowledge on the effects of this class of chemicals, to which the general public is highly exposed, is cause for concern,” they wrote.

They searched PubMed, TOXLINE, and Web of Science for the term, “phthalate(s)” combined with the keywords: “allergy, asthma, atopy, and inflammation.”

Data indicated that the general public and patients with allergies tend to be exposed to significant levels of phthalates through food, medications, phthalate-containing products, and indoor air and dust. In addition, intravenous exposure has occurred by way of medical equipment, researchers wrote.

“Thus, we advocate for a precautionary approach with regard to phthalate exposures wherever possible,” they concluded. “Until our understanding improves, the public can take steps to reduce their exposure and improved labeling of consumer products would help achieve this.”

Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.