Congestive Heart Failure

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March 20, 2015

5 min read

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The Donkey Analogy for Congestive Heart Failure Treatment

What does a donkey have in common with the pathophysiology and treatment of congestive heart failure? More than you might imagine actually.

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February 06, 2015

4 min read

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Strategies to overcome diuretic resistance in congestive HF

Acute and chronic HF are associated with sodium retention leading to volume overload and edema.

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March 05, 2014

7 min read

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10 Steps to Assess Volume Status in Congestive Heart Failure

Thinking back to being a student, I can recall the struggle ― volume status and fluid overload. Congestive heart failure is the No. 1 cause of hospital admission in the United States, so we run into this all the time.

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CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc Score

The CHA2DS2-VASc Score is the most commonly utilized method to predict thromboembolic risk in atrial fibrillation.

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Platypnea

Platypnea is the sensation of dyspnea while in the upright position that improves or resolved while laying supine. This is the opposite of orthopnea which is commonly present in congestive heart failure.

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Left Atrial Enlargement

Left atrial enlargement refers to dilation of the left atrium which occurs from multiple disease states that can chronically increase the left atrial pressure.

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Congestive heart failure - systolic

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) occur in patients with systolic heart failure.