Keratoconus associated with ADHD in male patients
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Key takeaways:
- Those with keratoconus were more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD.
- Keratoconus was associated with ADHD for male, but not female participants.
Keratoconus may be associated with ADHD in male patients, according to a study recently published in JAMA Ophthalmology.
“This population-based cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of various psychiatric conditions in patients with keratoconus compared with patients without keratoconus,” Margarita Safir, MD, of the ophthalmology department at Shamir Medical Center in Zerifin, Israel, and colleagues wrote. “In multivariate analysis, ADHD was associated with keratoconus diagnosis, while ADHD severity was not associated with keratoconus severity.”
Image: Adobe Stock.
In a retrospective cross-sectional study of 940,763 Israeli adolescents and adults in military service between January 2011 and December 2021, researchers examined the prevalence of anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), autism and ADHD in participants with vs. without keratoconus.
According to the study, 107,249 participants had documented psychiatric comorbidities, with 0.5% having anxiety, 0.1% having OCD, 0.1% having autism and 10.6% having ADHD.
The researchers documented keratoconus in 1,533 participants and found that those with keratoconus were more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD compared to the general population.
After adjusting for possible cofounding variables, the researchers found an association between keratoconus and ADHD for male, but not female participants.
“While the study design provides hypotheses of associations for future investigations, cause and effect could not be ascribed directly,” Safir and colleagues wrote. “Evaluating risk factors for keratoconus could generate hypotheses to be tested in future interventional trials.”
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