Studies considering age more likely to link IOP with myopia
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Studies that included confounding factors during analysis such as age or sex were more likely to show a relationship between IOP and myopia than studies without such consideration.
“Many factors associated with the onset and progression of myopia have been investigated, including age, sex, time spent in outdoor activities, genetic variations or physical attributes,” Kohei Honda, a principal scientist and research lead at Santen Pharmaceuticals, said during his ARVO presentation. “Therefore, to analyze the relationship between myopia and IOP, adjusting for confounding factors is needed in the analysis.”
Honda and colleagues conducted a systematic review comprising 19 studies that mentioned a direct relationship between IOP and myopia.
They found that more studies reported a statistical relationship between IOP and myopia (79% vs. 40%). Three of the fourteen studies that reported a relation and three of the five studies that did not report a relation did not include any confounding factors such as age, sex or baseline spherical equivalent compared with those that did.
Additionally, five of the six articles that investigated patients with high myopia reported a statistical relation between IOP and myopia.
Many positive associations between myopia and IOP were found in studies that took confounding factors into consideration, the authors said.
“This suggests that IOP may be related to the onset or progression of myopia,” Honda said.
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Honda K, et al. Relationship between the onset or progression of myopia and intraocular pressure: A systematic review. Presented at: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology meeting; May 6, 2020 (virtual meeting).
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