Higher adjusted AKI rate with inflammatory bowel disease vs. collagen vascular diseases
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Key takeaways:
- Researchers found 13% of patients hospitalized with inflammatory bowel disease had AKI.
- They also found 15% of patients admitted with collagen vascular diseases had AKI.
The frequency and risk of AKI in patients hospitalized with inflammatory bowel disease is higher compared with admissions with collagen vascular diseases and from the general population, a recently published study shows.
“Case reports and studies with small sample sizes have suggested that patients with [inflammatory bowel disease] IBD have various forms of kidney disease and have speculated a shared pathogenic mechanism related to dysregulated immune response,” Manish K. Saha, MD, of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, wrote with colleagues. “We examined the frequency of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with IBD (both Crohn’s disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]) compared with that of patients without IBD in a national cohort of hospitalized patients.”
In the retrospective, population-based cohort study, researchers used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample database to determine if some forms of kidney disease are more prevalent in patients with certain conditions. The final cohort included 5,735,804 hospitalizations: 57,121 with IBD, 159,930 with collagen vascular diseases and 5,518,753 with neither condition.
Main outcomes were AKI and AKI requiring dialysis.
Researchers found AKI in 13%, 15% and 12.2% of hospitalizations with IBD, collagen vascular diseases and from the general population, respectively.
After adjusting for demographic, hospital and clinical traits, Saha and colleagues found admissions with IBD had higher odds of being diagnosed with AKI than those with collagen vascular diseases and admissions from the general population. In addition, patients hospitalized with IBD had higher odds of being diagnosed with AKI requiring dialysis vs. those with collagen vascular diseases or neither condition.
“Coexisting kidney disease should be considered among patients with a known diagnosis of IBD,” the researchers wrote. “Future multicenter longitudinal studies are required to confirm our findings and evaluate the renal outcome.”
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