Obesity, diabetes, hypertension signal high prevalence of reduced eGFR
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Adults with obesity, diabetes and hypertension have a higher prevalence of reduced eGFR, according to a study published in Kidney Medicine.
Data from a cross-sectional survey of the civilian non-institutionalized U.S. population called the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used to compare prevalence of reduced eGFR in 7,852 adults with and those without obesity, diabetes and hypertension. The survey collected data from 2017 to 2020 and included an in-person interview and a physical examination.
“We found that obesity now affects about one of every two patients with moderate to severe [chronic kidney disease] CKD, a fact that more than ever emphasizes the need to develop strategies that effectively manage obesity in this population,” Allon N. Friedman, MD, from the department of medicine at Indiana University School of Medicine, told Healio. “Second, we addressed from an epidemiologic perspective the relationship between obesity and reduced kidney filtration (ie, CKD). We found that the link between obesity and CKD was explained primarily by intermediate disease states, like diabetes and hypertension. We hope this is just the first of many such studies to better understand the link between obesity and CKD.”
Further, data revealed the prevalence of reduced eGFR increased with age and was higher in women than men. Additionally, adults that researchers categorized as non-Hispanic white had a lower eGFR prevalence than adults categorized as non-Hispanic Black.
In adults with reduced eGFR, 49.1% were obese. In those without a reduced eGFR, there was a higher prevalence of diabetes and hypertension (35.2% and 85.2%, respectively.)
“Some important questions that need addressing include exactly why obesity leads to kidney disease; what strategies are best suited to the CKD population; when they should instituted; and what are the benefits and risks of each strategy,” Friedman concluded.
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