Worsening diet can predict earlier death in adults with CKD
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Declining diet quality could be a predictor of earlier death among adults with chronic kidney disease, according to a research letter published in American Journal of Kidney Diseases.
“Adherence to healthy dietary patterns is associated with reduced risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and mortality in adults with CKD. However, diet is modifiable, and changes in diet quality may predict disease course and survival,” Valerie K. Sullivan, PhD, from the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research at Johns Hopkins University, and colleagues wrote. “Using data from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study, we assessed the associations of 4-year changes in diet quality with the risk of CKD progression and all-cause mortality in adults with CKD.”
Participants underwent diet assessments at baseline and year 4.
Researchers scored diet quality according to Healthy Eating Index-2015, Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score and alternate Mediterranean diet score. Once scores were determined, the scores were classified as low or high, and changes were categorized as sustained low, sustained high, worsened or improved.
“When analyzed as categorized 4-year absolute score changes, among adults without diabetes, increased DASH scores were associated with 39% lower risk of CKD progression compared to stable scores,” Sullivan and colleagues wrote. “Among adults with diabetes, those with decreased AHEI-2010 scores had 63% higher risk of CKD progression compared to those with stable scores.”
Although diet scores did not significantly change during the study period or consistently correlate with CKD progression, researchers identified that worsening diet quality may predict earlier death in adults with CKD. Further, varying associations by diabetes status could be caused by differing motivations for change.
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