8 steps to reduce exposure to breast cancer carcinogens

Only 5% to 10% of breast cancers are believed to be linked to genetic factors, and it is known that exposure to certain chemicals, such as hormone replacement therapy, alcohol and tobacco use are associated with higher incidence of breast cancer. While several chemicals commonly used in the household are known to cause cancer in animal models — including those found in gasoline, fuel exhaust and flame retardants — little has been published about how people can reduce their exposure to these known carcinogens.

To that end, the Silent Spring Institute compiled a list of chemicals known to cause tumors in rodents and compared these to human studies to identify 102 chemicals considered to pose the highest risk for breast cancer. Funded by the Avon Foundation for Women, the study compiled information about biomarkers and metabolites to track exposures and developed ways to reduce exposure to the highest priority chemicals.

1. Avoid fuel and exhaust

People are advised to turn off their engines instead of idling when possible, use electric or hand-powered lawn tools and leaf blowers and to limit the use of snow blowers. Gasoline shouldn’t be stored inside the home basement or attached garage, and should be kept in tightly sealed containers if stored. Other steps include taking more steps: walk more when possible or take public transportation.

2. Avoid tobacco smoke, including secondhand smoke

Tobacco smoke contains 1,3-butadiene, acrylamide, benzene, ethylene and propylene oxides and persistent aromatic hydrocarbons.

3. Limit consumption of charred foods

Studies have shown that acrolein, acrylamide and heterocyclic amines, compounds formed when foods and other items are burned, are linked to cancer. Avoid foods that are charred or burnt, and use ventilation when cooking to reduce any carcinogens present in the fumes.

4. Find a "green" dry cleaner

Tetrachloroethylene — also known as perchloroethylene or "perc" — is a dry cleaning chemical which the EPA has designated as “likely to cause cancer” and is an environmental contaminant. Locate a local “green” dry cleaner that uses environmentally-friendly methods.

5. Avoid stain-resistant goods

Perfluorooctanoic acid is used to treat rugs, furniture and fabrics for resistance to stains. It is also used to coat non-stick pans, and can be found on some paper food wrappers, such as those used to wrap some commercial hamburgers.

6. Avoid furniture made with flame retardants

Organophosphates and organohalogens are used in polyurethane foam that is commonly used as pad furniture. The state of California recently passed legislation which allows new standards for manufacturers to meet flame safety standards without using flame retardants because of concerns about carcinogenic and neurologic effects.

7. Use a high-quality water filter

The use and proper maintenance of a carbon block water filter can help remove carcinogens from drinking water.

8. Reduce exposure around the house

Use a vacuum with a HEPA filter, and take shoes off at the door to reduce dust which can carry high risk chemicals inside the home. When dusting, use a damp cloth and use natural cleaning products when possible.