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The addition of sorafenib to carboplatin and paclitaxel did not improve OS among chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced melanoma, according to results of a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study.
Previous research examined novel immunologic and oncogene-directed therapies for patients with metastatic melanoma. Median survival remained less than 14 months, and long-term survival was less than 20%, according to background information provided by researchers.
The primary objective of the current double blind study was to determine whether the combination of carboplatin, paclitaxel and sorafenib (CPS; Nexavar, Bayer Pharmaceuticals) improved OS compared with carboplatin and paclitaxel in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced melanoma.
Keith T. Flaherty, MD, director of developmental therapeutics at Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues evaluated 823 patients between 2005 and 2008.
The researchers randomly assigned patients to receive CP (n=413) or CPS (n=410). All patients received carboplatin at area under the curve 6 and 225 mg/m² of paclitaxel intravenously once every 21 days. Patients in the CPS arm received 400 mg sorafenib orally, twice per day, on days 2 through 19 of a 21-day cycle. Patients in the CP arm received placebo.
OS served as the primary outcome. Secondary endpoints included PFS, objective tumor response and toxicity.
Median OS among patients in the CP arm was 11.3 months (95% CI, 9.8-12.2) vs. 11.1 months (95% CI, 10.3-12.3) for patients in the CPS arm. The difference was not statistically significant.
Median PFS was 4.9 months among patients in the CPS arm vs. 4.2 months for patients in the CP arm (P=.092). More patients on the CPS arm obtained grade 3 or higher toxicities (84% vs. 74%; P=.027). Adverse effects included increased rash, hand-foot syndrome and thrombocytopenia.
“Sorafenib does not improve OS, PFS or response rate in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic melanoma,” Flaherty and colleagues concluded.
Disclosure: Flaherty serves as a consultant for Onyx Pharmaceuticals. Other researchers involved in the study report funding from and consulting roles with CureTech, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline and Merck.
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