Incidence of nontraditional risk factors elevated in younger Black patients with CAD
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Black patients with CAD aged 45 years or younger had more nontraditional risk factors than older Black patients with CAD, researchers reported at the virtual Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Scientific Sessions.
The nontraditional risk factors more prevalent in Black patients with CAD younger than 45 years compared with Black patients with CAD aged 45 years or older included drug and alcohol abuse, HIV and depression.
According to the researchers, the younger cohort had lower incidence of traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, HF and obstructive sleep apnea.
“Our retrospective study from the largest inpatient database of the United States aimed to identify risk factors in the younger African American population. African American patients aged 18 to 45 years who present with coronary artery disease have higher incidence of substance abuse (drug abuse, smoking, alcohol abuse and smoking), psychiatric illnesses (anxiety and depression) and HIV as compared to African American patients age 45 and above. As Benjamin Franklin famously said, ‘An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.’ Understanding the risk factor profile and tailoring the treatment earlier on is the first and foremost step in addressing this complex disease,” Ahmad Awan, MD, cardiology fellow at Howard University Hospital in Washington, D.C., told Healio.
The analysis looked at a National Inpatient Sample of 139,657 Black patients with CAD, 7,093 aged 45 years or younger (54% men) and 131,520 older than 45 years (51% men).
In the younger group, there was higher prevalence of the following conditions compared with the older group (P < .001 for all):
- obesity, 31.2% vs. 19.4%;
- chronic pancreatitis, 1.13% vs. 0.75%;
- drug abuse, 17.8% vs. 6.7%;
- alcohol abuse, 5.2% vs. 4.3%;
- smoking, 49.8% vs. 46.6%;
- HIV, 1.88% vs. 0.88%;
- end-stage renal disease, 20.7% vs. 14.6%;
- depression, 13.8% vs. 10.4%; and
- anxiety, 15.69% vs. 9.61%.
“The results we found were surprising. We found that lot of nontraditional risk factors predominate in young African American patients who present with ACS. I will stress that our study is an observational study and these findings need to be validated by well-powered randomized controlled trials,” Awan said in an interview.
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Awan A, et al. Poster A-5. Presented at: Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Scientific Sessions; April 28-May 1, 2021 (virtual meeting).
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