Issue: August 2017
June 26, 2017
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Minor lifestyle improvements may decrease high BP risk in black adults

Issue: August 2017
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Black adults who followed a healthy lifestyle had decreased risk for high BP, according to a study published in Hypertension.

Perspective from Icilma V. Fergus, MD, FACC

“The Life’s Simple 7, an approach used by the American Heart Association to monitor [CV] health, can also be used to monitor high [BP] risk in African Americans, a major risk factor for [CVD],” John N. Booth III, MS, a PhD student in the department of epidemiology at the University of Alabama in Birmingham, said in a press release. “We found that even small improvements in [CV] health can reduce risk for developing high [BP].”

Researchers reviewed data from 1,878 black participants from the Jackson Heart Study. Participants with hypertension or self-reported physician diagnosis of stroke or MI at baseline were excluded. Researchers followed up with participants for a median of 8 years.

Incident hypertension was defined as systolic BP of at least 140 mm Hg, diastolic BP of at least 90 mm Hg or self-reported use of antihypertensive medication.

The AHA’s Life’s Simple 7 components consisted of three health factors, including total cholesterol, BP and fasting glucose, and four health behaviors, defined as diet, BMI, physical activity and cigarette smoking. Participants were categorized by the number of ideal components they had: zero or one (7%), two (21.9%), three (35.1%), four (24.6%), five (9.9%) and six (1.5%). No participants had all seven components.

At 8 years, 50.3% (n = 944) participants were diagnosed with hypertension. Patients with more ideal components were less likely to have hypertension (P for trend < .001). Among those with one or no ideal components 81.3% of those developed hypertension, compared with 11.1% of participants with six ideal components.

After adjustment, compared with those with one or zero ideal components, participants with two (HR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.62-1.02), three (HR = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.45-0.73), four (HR = 0.3; 95% CI, 0.23-0.4), five (HR = 0.26; 95% CI, 0.18-0.37) and six (HR = 0.1; 95% CI, 0.03-0.32) ideal components were at lower risk for incident hypertension (P for trend < .001).

“Several individual Life’s Simple 7 components have been associated with an increased risk for hypertension, including higher BMI, physical inactivity, a less healthy diet, cigarette smoking and higher BP, cholesterol and fasting glucose levels,” Booth and colleagues wrote. “The presence of multiple less than ideal Life’s Simple 7 components may accelerate the development of hypertension.” – by Darlene Dobkowski

Disclosures: Booth reports no relevant financial disclosures. Please see the full study for a list of the other researchers’ relevant financial disclosures.