Thyroid Cancer

The FDA granted breakthrough therapy designation to cabozantinib for treatment of certain patients with thyroid cancer, according to the agent’s manufacturer.

Thyroid cancer incidence and mortality patterns among children and adolescents worldwide mirror data for adults, suggesting overdiagnosis and a need to “explicitly recommend” against screening for the disease in asymptomatic children.

Children born to mothers diagnosed with thyroid disorders before or during pregnancy were significantly more likely to develop thyroid cancer, with risk persisting into adulthood, according to an analysis of registry data.

The FDA granted accelerated approval to pralsetinib for treatment of certain patients with RET-altered thyroid cancer.

An 18 mg starting dose of the oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib did not meet the noninferiority requirement compared with the approved, 24 mg starting dose for adults with radioactive iodine-refractory thyroid cancer, data show.

Adults with anaplastic thyroid cancer who received lenvatinib monotherapy experienced some tumor shrinkage but were not considered responders to treatment, suggesting combination therapy should be investigated, researchers reported.

Models projecting incidence of low-risk papillary thyroid cancers suggest there will be more than 200,000 new thyroid cancer diagnoses during the next 5 years, with at least 67,000 of those cases qualifying as candidates for active surveillance due to small tumor size, according to findings published in JAMA Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery.

A retrospective analysis of diagnosed thyroid cancer cases in California revealed a consistent increase in the diagnosis of larger and more aggressive thyroid tumors that correlated with a rise in incidence-based mortality among men and individuals with tumors larger than 1 cm, according to findings published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.

Advancing age may be associated with reduced risk for papillary thyroid tumor growth under active surveillance, according to findings published in JAMA Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery.

An increased rate of thyroid cancers observed among firefighters who responded to the 9/11 World Trade Center attack may be associated with heightened surveillance rather than an increase in disease, according to findings published in JAMA Internal Medicine.