Mortality

Among patients with obstructive sleep apnea, sleeping less than 7 hours was linked to a heightened risk for all-cause mortality, according to results of a cohort study published in JAMA Network Open.

Patients with vertebral osteomyelitis who underwent surgical intervention had lower rates of mortality and recurrence at 1 year compared with patients who received nonoperative treatment, according to published results.

Compared with unvaccinated individuals, the recombinant zoster vaccine reduces the 3-year risk for mortality and myocardial infarction among individuals aged 50 to 65 years, according to a study.

Among patients with COVID-19, a low pectoralis muscle cross-sectional area on chest CTs appeared associated with heightened in-hospital mortality by day 30, according to results published in CHEST.

China had a higher asthma mortality rate than the United States between 1990 and 2019, driven by smoking, high BMI and age, but this gap narrowed with time, according to a study published in the Chinese Medical Journal.

Ultraprocessed foods are associated with poor health outcomes, but helping patients reduce their intake can be difficult because of their prevalence, broad definition and affordability, according to experts.

A recent study showed that excess cardiovascular and respiratory mortality among former smokers was less than half of that among continuing smokers within the first decade of smoking cessation.

Among people being treated for HIV, young children experience the highest rate of death — up to nine times higher than other age groups, according to study findings published in MMWR.

Standard oxygen therapy and high-flow nasal oxygen along with awake prone positioning were associated with lower COVID-19-associated mortality in a low-income country, according to results published in CHEST.

Older patients who spent the night in the ED had higher in-hospital mortality rates vs. those who were admitted to a ward, a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found.