Menopause

Reported menopause symptoms and prescriptions for hormone therapy were less common among Black and Hispanic female veterans, highlighting disparities in the discussion, documentation and management of menopause, according to researchers.

Risk for developing HF is significantly greater for women with obesity compared with women with a lower BMI and waist circumference, particularly among those who begin menopause at age 55 years or older, data show.

In the past 20 years, researchers have refined knowledge on the benefits and risks of hormone therapy for symptoms associated with menopause.

During the past 2 decades, Endocrine Today has reported on the latest developments in hormone therapy for symptoms associated with menopause. For its 20th year, the publication is taking a look back.

The prevalence of hypothyroidism — overt and subclinical — is higher among women during the late menopause transition and postmenopause compared with premenopause, according to study findings.

Younger or older age at menarche, younger age at first birth, and hysterectomy — all of which affect lifetime exposure to endogenous estrogen — were associated with a higher risk for dementia in women, researchers found.

Women with lower levels of anti-Müllerian hormone may experience greater bone loss during menopause transition, according to study findings published in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research.

Women with an older age at menopause onset have an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes, and BMI partially mediates the link between age at menopause and blood glucose levels, according to study findings published in Menopause.

Women who were employed in rotating or night shift work at some point in their lives are more likely to experience delayed onset of menopause compared with women working only during the day, according to study data published in Menopause.

Current evidence does not support dehydroepiandrosterone use to improve women’s menopausal symptoms, sexual health and overall well-being, and long-term use may lead to estrogenic adverse events, according to a review article.