Bronchiolitis

The CDC posted an alert in October about an increase in Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or “walking pneumonia,” infections in the United States, especially among young children.

Most children who did not receive antibiotics for pneumonia did not experience treatment failure or severe outcomes, according to study findings published in JAMA Network Open.

TORONTO — Pediatric hospital transfers due to bronchiolitis increased at a disproportionate rate in recent years compared with all causes of hospitalization, according to a study presented at the Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting.

Among pediatric patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis, use of weight-based non-ICU vs. ICU-only high-flow nasal cannula protocols was linked to lower yearly ICU admission rates, according to results published in JAMA Network Open.

Compared with the median bronchiolitis admission rate before the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations among children increased during the 2022 to 2023 season, according to results published in JAMA Network Open.

Pediatric patients with bronchiolitis who are admitted to hospitals that use more high-flow nasal cannula outside the ICU face longer stays and greater total costs, according to study results published in Hospital Pediatrics.

Infants with bronchiolitis who received 150 ppm inhaled nitric oxide plus standard supportive treatment had shorter hospital stays and improved respiratory outcomes, according to results published in Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

From 2004 to 2018, bronchiolitis-related ED visits by children aged younger than 2 years in Ontario, Canada, increased, according to study results published in JAMA Pediatrics.

Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome is common in children intubated for lower respiratory tract infections and was associated with increased mortality, mechanical ventilation, and ICU and hospital length of stay, data show.

Among U.S. infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, the overall prevalence, presence of complex chronic conditions and invasive mechanical ventilation use increased from 1997 to 2016, researchers reported.