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Study: Little benefit from reduced target oxygen saturation on severe ROP rates

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Reducing target oxygen saturation levels to between 90% and 96% resulted in a small but insignificant reduction in the rates of severe retinopathy of prematurity, a retrospective study found.

David K. Wallace, MD, MPH, and colleagues in North Carolina compared the incidence of threshold or type-1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and stage 3 ROP before and after new oxygen saturation guidelines were instituted at a neonatal intensive care canter. The new guidelines set target oxygen saturation levels at 90% to 96% from over 96%, according to the study.

The researchers found that threshold or type-1 ROP developed in 16 of 90 eyes (18%) in the higher oxygen group and 16 of 118 eyes (14%) in the lower oxygen group. Stage 3 ROP developed in 22 of 88 eyes (25%) in the higher oxygen group and in 26 of 118 eyes (22%) in the lower oxygen group, the authors reported.

The study is published in the April issue of Journal of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.