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Study identifies myopia as a complication of hyperglycemia in Danish patients with diabetes
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Myopia prevalence is higher among Danish patients with diabetes than in the normal population, suggesting that poor metabolic control of glucose may be a risk factor for myopia, according to a study.
Nina Jacobsen, MD, and colleagues evaluated the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin dosage and myopia from medical records obtained for 393 patients with type 1 diabetes between 1995 and 1997. All patients were aged between 16 and 26 years at baseline.
Age at diabetes onset, age at baseline, sex, weight, HbA1c, insulin dosage, refractive error, visual acuity and ocular diabetes complications were evaluated for 252 of these patients for an average of 7.1 years.
At baseline, the prevalence of myopia was 53.3%.
According to logistic regression analysis, baseline age (P = .031), duration of diabetes at baseline (P = .047) and HbA1c (P = .022) were associated with myopia, the authors noted.
Among patients aged between 16 and 21 years, the relative risk of a myopic shift was 1.7. In addition, the relative risk for a myopic shift was 1.6 among patients with HbA1c levels above 8.8%.
However, the investigators found no relationship between insulin dosage and myopia, according to the study, published in the August issue of Acta Ophthalmologica.