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Pulmonary disease among risk factors for reduced endothelial density

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SENDAI, Japan — Advanced nuclear cataract and chronic pulmonary disease are among the significant risk factors for low corneal endothelial cell density, according to a study in cataract patients. Cataract surgeons should recognize that patients with these risk factors may have a poor endothelial reserve, warned Akira Ishikawa, MD.

Dr. Ishikawa retrospectively reviewed the records of 1,304 eyes of 700 consecutive Japanese patients who had cataract surgery over the course of 6 years. Mean preoperative endothelial cell density was 2561.4 cells/mm². Reduced density was noted in 123 eyes of 85 patients. In those patients, factors significantly identified with cell density reduction were corneal diseases, angle-closure glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation and a history of trauma. Advanced nuclear cataract and chronic pulmonary disease were also significant risk factors (both P < .001).

The study is published in the November issue of Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery.