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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome a possible risk factor for normal tension glaucoma

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Researchers found a prevalence of normal tension glaucoma higher than they expected in a patient population with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Margherita Sergi, MD, and colleagues performed a variety of glaucoma tests on 51 Caucasian patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and 40 healthy controls. They found normal tension glaucoma in three of the 51 patients (5.8%) with OSAS and in zero of the control patients.

The severity of OSAS correlated with IOP, mean visual field deviation, the cup-to-disk ratio and mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (P < .01 to P < .001), the authors said.

Sleep apnea patients who had abnormal visually evoked potential and pattern electroretinography results also had significantly higher apnea hypopnea indices and IOPs, according to the study.

"Our data underline the importance of taking an accurate sleep history from patients with [normal tension glaucoma] and referring patients with sleep disturbance for polysomnography," the authors said.

Their findings are published in the January issue of the Journal of Glaucoma.