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Incidence of retinopathy lower for youth-onset type 2 diabetes in American Indians

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PHOENIX — In a population of Pima Indians, the risk of developing retinopathy was lower in patients with youth-onset type 2 diabetes than in people who developed the disease at an older age, according to a community-based study. In contrast, the risk of developing nephropathy as a function of the duration of diabetes was similar in all age groups, the study authors noted.

Jonathan Krakoff, MD, and others at the National Institute of Diabetes followed subjects among the Pima Indians of Arizona to assess microvascular complications associated with diabetic onset. Diabetes was diagnosed in 178 subjects before 20 years of age, in 1,359 subjects between the ages of 20 and 39, and in 971 subjects between the ages of 40 and 59.

Over the course of 25 years, nephropathy developed in 35 participants who had developed youth-onset type 2 diabetes. Incidence rates of retinopathy were significantly lower for the youth-onset group (P = .007).

The study is published in the January issue of Diabetes Care.