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Birthweight, gestational age most important indicators of ROP stage

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SANTIAGO, Chile — Birthweight and gestational age are the most important risk factors for developing retinopathy of prematurity, according to a poster presentation here.

Licia C.V. Matieli, MD, and colleagues at the Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, retrospectively reviewed 399 eyes of 203 patients with ROP. Charts were reviewed to determine birthweight, gestational age, respiratory distress, other risk factors and ROP stage. Their results were presented in a poster here at the Pan-American Congress of Ophthalmology.

The mean birthweight was 1176.9 g. The mean gestational age was 29.1 weeks. Respiratory disease (48%) and sepsis (15%) were the most frequent complications. ROP stage was evaluated using the international classification of ROP scale.

Of the eyes reviewed, 158 (39.6%) had stage 1 ROP, 123 (30.9%) had stage 2, 90 (22.6%) had stage 3, two (0.5%) had stage 4; and 14 (3.5%) had stage 5.

The authors concluded that “birthweight and gestational age are the most important risk factors associated with ROP stage. Most patients have early stage ROP and do not require special treatment for this disease.” Both birthweight (P < .001) and gestational age (P = .02) as risk factors were statistically significant.