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Animal study suggests retinal toxicity of ICG

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Indocyanine green dye was toxic to rat retinal ganglion cells in a dose-dependent manner in a lab study. The results suggest that lower concentrations of ICG and short staining times should be used during dye-assisted vitrectomy, the study authors said.

Aya Iriyama, MD, and colleagues in Tokyo and Yokohama, Japan, conducted the study.

In an in vitro segment of the study, there was no effect on survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that were briefly exposed to ICG and incubated with or without exposure to radiation. But RGCs exposed for 3 days showed a dose-dependant reduction in the number of viable cells.

In an in vivo segment of the study, after intravitreal injection, ICG was initially distributed on the retinal surface around the optic disc. In a lower dose group, fluorescence gradually disappeared by day 7. In a group that received 2.5-mg/L of ICG, staining remained evident, and there was a significant decrease in viable RGCs 14 days after injection.

The study is published in Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences.