Racial gaps in preemptive living donor kidney transplant persist during last 2 decades
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Key takeaways:
- Black adults were less likely to receive a kidney transplant than white adults in all four study periods.
- Transplant likelihood decreased from 34% to 19% for Hispanic adults during the same period.
SAN DIEGO — Racial disparities in preemptive living donor kidney transplantation access have persisted in the United States during the last 2 decades, according to researchers.
Fawaz Al Ammary, MD and colleagues set out “to understand the association of race and ethnicity with access to preemptive kidney transplantation for patients who were waitlisted preemptively from 2001 to 2020, with a max follow-up to December 2023,” Ammary, a nephrologist at the University of California Irvine, said during a presentation at ASN Kidney Week.
Ammary and colleagues analyzed data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients to study the impact of race and ethnicity on transplant waitlisting and access from 2001 to 2023. The analysis included data from 111,126 adult first-time kidney transplant candidates listed for preemptive transplantation between 2001 and 2020.
The main outcome was wait time to living donor transplant. Researchers tracked outcomes during the following four periods: 2001 to 2005, 2006 to 2010, 2011 to 2015 and 2016 to 2020.
The cumulative incidence of preemptive living donor transplantation for waitlisted patients varied by race, according to the researchers. Compared with white patients, Black adults were less likely to receive a kidney transplant in all four periods, with likelihood going from 52% less likely in 2001 to 2005, to 65% less likely in 2016 to 2020. Ammary and colleagues also noted Hispanic patients had a likelihood from 19% less likely to 34% less likely vs. whited patients during the same periods. Asian patients had a likelihood of 54% less likely in the earliest period and 47% less likely in the latest period vs. white patients.
“Our findings underscore the need for interventions to support patients of racial and ethnic minorities throughout the transplant process,” Ammary said. This may help “ensure that all candidates receive equitable opportunities, resources and quality continuity of care, as well as tailor culturally sensitive donor recruitment efforts among minority communities.”
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