Living kidney donors with obesity less at risk for hypertension vs. non-donors with obesity
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Living kidney donors with obesity are at less of a risk for hypertension compared with non-donors with obesity, according to a presentation at the American Transplant Congress.
Further, weight loss correlated with reduced hypertension onset, especially among donors.
“We sought to investigate whether living kidney donation is associated increased risk of new-onset hypertension in the setting of obesity, as well as whether that risk is modified by changes in BMI,” Rhianna D. Reed, DrPH, assistant professor of surgery at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, told Healio.
In a nested case control study, researchers examined a retrospective cohort of 1,558 living kidney donors with obesity and a cohort of 3,782 adults with obesity from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities studies. Researchers used conditional logistic regression to determine hypertension incidence for donors vs. non-donors. Percent change in BMI served as an effect modifier.
Analyses revealed donors experienced a lower incidence of hypertension compared with non-donors. Additionally, donors with consistent BMI or who lost more than 5% BMI experienced a lower hypertension incidence than similar non-donors. However, researchers identified that more than a 5% BMI gain significantly increased hypertension incidence among donors. Therefore, significant weight gain among donors and non-donors resulted in similar hypertension incidence.
“In the absence of significant weight gain, we did not observe increased risk of hypertension among donors. However, this was not the case for donors who gained [more than] 5% BMI. While counseling on proper post-donation weight maintenance is recommended for all living kidney donors, these findings provide evidence of a quantifiable risk that can be communicated to donors perioperatively,” Reed told Healio. “Knowledge gaps remain, including risk factors for post-donation weight gain, and ultimately, our goal is to understand the role of both hypertension and weight gain in risk of end-stage kidney disease among prior living donors with obesity.”
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Reed RD. et al. Abstract 100. Presented at: American Transplant Congress; June 4-8, 2022; Boston (hybrid meeting).
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