eGFR directly correlates with birthweight, worsening albuminuria over time among adults
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In a remote Australian Aboriginal community with high rates of kidney disease, researchers found that eGFR directly correlated with birthweight and increasingly worsening albuminuria among adults.
Further, researchers noted a significant association between low birthweight and albuminuria among individuals with a history of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Researchers previously explored albuminuria’s involvement in kidney disease within the same population in a community-wide study in 2004 and found that albuminuria in young adults significantly correlated with a history of low birth weight.
“We now confirm such a relationship on repeat testing, approximately 10 years later, and show that lower birth weights predispose to progression of albuminuria and development of ‘incident’ albuminuria over time,” Wendy E. Hoy, director of the center for chronic disease at the University of Queensland in Australia, and colleagues wrote.
In a retrospective prospective study, researchers evaluated 695 members of the Aboriginal community (43.9% were women) born between March 1956 and April 1992 with recorded birthweights, urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR who were aged 5.1 to 40.1 years old. At a median follow-up of 11.6 years, researchers collected new measurements and analyzed prevalence of markers and changes in the context of birthweights. Using univariable and multivariable least-square regressions, researchers determined the relationships between renal parameters and birthweight.
The follow-up screening revealed ACR directly correlated with birthweight. Participants with lower birthweights showed increased ACR throughout the study period. Additionally, eGFR had a direct association with birth weight and declining albuminuria over time among adults. Researchers determined that lower birthweights intensified elevations of ACR associations with other risk factors such as higher BMIs and a prior history of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
“This study extends knowledge from the association of birthweight with prevalent albuminuria, to its influence on incident albuminuria and progression of kidney disease,” Hoy and colleagues wrote. “The findings in this study also support our earlier observations of the associations of ACR with other risk factors, the reciprocity of ACR and eGFR and the multideterminant (vs. single cause) origins of albuminuria.”
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