Many pediatric HIV patients ‘mounted good immune response’ to HPV vaccine
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Most children and adolescents with HIV mounted antibody responses to the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, according to a study presented at IDWeek.
Roukaya Al Hammoud, MD, assistant professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical Center, and colleagues evaluated the antibody response in 56 patients with HIV aged 7 to 20 years who received three doses of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine from 2007 to 2017.
The researchers restricted their analysis to 36 patients who had at least four plasma samples collected before and after the first, second and third doses of the vaccine. The first sample was collected a median of 91 days from the first dose of the vaccine, the second sample at a median of 169 days from the second dose and the third sample at a median of 740 days from the third dose.
At baseline, 10 patients were seropositive to some HPV serotypes. These patients were more likely to be older (16 vs. 12 years; P < .007) and Black (90% vs. 58%; P = .217). All patients who were seronegative at baseline responded to at least one serotype, with researchers noting the least response to serotype H18.
Four patients did not respond to all four serotypes after three doses of the vaccine. Notably, these patients had higher viral loads compared with those who did respond, although other variables, including CD4 count, age, sex and ethnicity, were not different between the two groups.
Peak response occurred after the second dose, according to the data.
Twenty-six patients, of whom seven were seropositive at baseline, had an additional fourth sample taken at a median of 5.7 years after the third dose. Of the 19 who were seronegative at baseline, all responded to at least one serotype. Six, however, lost their antibodies to some serotypes. These six patients had higher viral loads compared with the ones who remained seropositive.
“In conclusion, the pediatric HIV patients in this study mounted good immune response to the HPV vaccine,” Al Hammoud said during a virtual poster presentation. “Serotype 18 was the least immunogenic, and patients with higher viral loads were less likely to seroconvert and more likely to serorevert.”
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Al Hammoud R, et al. Poster 926. Presented at: IDWeek; Oct. 21-25, 2020 (virtual meeting).
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