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Risk for AIDS-defining cancers continues to decline in HIV-positive patients

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GLASGOW — The risk for Kaposi’s sarcoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and cervix uteri cancer in HIV-1-positive patients decreased from 1992 to 2009, according to results from FHDH-ANRS CO4.

However, the risk for AIDS-defining cancers remains elevated when compared with the general population in France, researchers reported here.

The study included patients in the French hospital database on HIV (FHDH) who were followed from 1992 to 2009. Researchers estimated standardized incidence ratios in HIV-positive patients vs. the general population for 1992-1996, 1997-2000, 2001-2004 and 2005-2009.

From 1992 to 2009, 5,935 incident AIDS-defining cancers were diagnosed among more than 100,000 HIV-positive patients. According to results presented, all cancer incidence ratios were significantly reduced both before and after the combination ART era and continue to decline in more recent years.

Compared with the general population, median age at diagnosis was significantly younger among HIV-positive patients for Kaposi’s sarcoma (40.4 years vs. 42.5 years), NHL (41.4 years vs. 52.5 years) and cervix uteri cancer (39.3 years vs. 42.5 years). For ART-treated patients who maintained controlled viral load and CD4 count >500 mm3 for at least 2 years, the standardized incidence ratio was 71.6 for Kaposi’s sarcoma, 2.4 for NHL and 1.6 for cervix uteri cancer vs. the general population, according to the study abstract.

“The incidence rates of Kaposi’s sarcoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and cervix uteri cancer continued to decline through 2009, but the risk remained elevated as compared to the general population in the most recent combination ART period. Despite the great reduction when compared to the general population, the risk is still very high for Kaposi’s sarcoma in HIV-positive patients who maintained CD4 >500 mm3 for at least 2 years. The risk was not significant for cervix uteri cancer and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,” the researchers said.

For more information:

Hleyhel M. #414. Presented at: HIV11 Congress; Nov. 11-15, 2012; Glasgow.

Disclosure: The researchers report no relevant financial disclosures.