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IPD hospital surveillance data may not be applicable to entire U.S. population
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ATLANTA — Although surveillance data from individual hospitals can approximate the effect of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on reducing invasive pneumococcal disease, this information may not reflect vaccine efficacy on the entire U.S. population, CDC researchers reported here at the 2010 International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Population-based surveillance is not feasible in many countries, according to researchers from several institutions, and WHO, therefore, recommends using sentinel hospital surveillance data to determine the PCV7 (Prevnar, Wyeth) effect on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).
The researchers analyzed information from eight Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) sites between 1998 and 2006 and compared percent changes in IPD incidence at each hospital with overall rates of reduction from each ABCs site’s pooled data.
The researchers identified 1,840 hospitalized cases of IPD in patients aged younger than 5 years among all ABC areas. From the prevaccine baseline of 1998-1999 to 2006 — the year during which IPD-related hospitalizations experienced the greatest decline — they observed a median decrease of 64%.
Individual areas had a median 109 cases during 1998-1999, with 31 hospitals from all eight sites reporting more than five IPD cases, according to the researchers. Ninety-four percent of these hospitals had a reduction in cases, whereas 2% experienced a rise in the amount of IPD-related hospitalizations.
Data also showed that 48% had percent changes within a 20% range of their ABCs area’s overall rate of decline in IPD-related hospitalizations. Ten hospitals that had more than 20 IPD cases during 1998-1999 also experienced a significant decrease in the number of patients admitted for IPD, the researchers said, with 70% having percent changes within a 20% range of their ABCs area’s overall rate of decline. – by Melissa Foster
For more information:
- Hampton LM. #55. Presented at: 2010 International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases; July 11-14, 2010; Atlanta.