Changes in duodenal fluid microbiome profile seen in pancreatic cancer
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Patients with pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma, compared with pancreatic cysts or normal pancreata, had changes in their duodenal fluid microbiome profiles, according to study results.
“Comparison of the microbial profiles of resected pancreatic cancer tissues with duodenal fluid revealed examples of concordance as well as discordance of bacterial and fungal genera consistent with the hypothesis that the main source of microbes within pancreatic tumors is the upper gastrointestinal tract with discordance possibly reflecting examples of hematogenous sources of bacteria,” Shiro Kohi, MD, from the departments of pathology, medicine, and oncology at The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, and colleagues wrote.
They added, “Further studies are needed to determine if duodenal microbiome profiles could be used to better stratify the pancreatic cancer risk of patients under pancreatic surveillance.”
Kohi and colleagues performed a case-control study that compared bacterial and fungal profiles of secretin-stimulated duodenal fluid collections from 308 patients who underwent duodenal endoscopy. Of these patients, 134 served as controls with normal pancreas, 98 patients had pancreatic cysts and 74 patients had pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Results showed changes in duodenal fluid microbiomes with diminished diversity were significantly correlated with age over 70 years and use of a proton pump inhibitors. Investigators noted patients with PDAC, compared with age-matched controls with normal pancreata and those with pancreatic cysts, had significantly decreased duodenal microbial alpha diversity.
“There was evidence of enrichment of Bifidobacterium genera in the duodenal fluid of patients with PDAC compared to controls and those with pancreatic cyst(s),” Kohi and colleagues wrote. “There were also enrichment of duodenal fluid Fusobacteria and Rothia bacteria among patients with PDAC with short-term survival.”
According to researchers, no significant difference was observed in duodenal fluid microbiome profiles between controls and patients with pancreatic cysts.
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