Benefits of weight loss from bariatric surgery extend to blood pressure control
Click Here to Manage Email Alerts
Key takeaways:
- Weight-loss surgery was linked to improvement in blood pressure and antihypertensive medication use.
- The findings were based on a meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials of bariatric surgery.
Bariatric surgery for weight loss was associated with improvements in blood pressure and antihypertensive use among patients with obesity compared with medical therapy and/or lifestyle management, a speaker reported.
A meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effects of bariatric surgery on BP among patients with obesity was presented at the Hypertension Scientific Sessions.
“Our findings indicate bariatric surgery is a durable solution for obesity-related hypertension since it results in high blood pressure remission, or long-term control, while reducing the dependence on blood pressure medications. Additionally, by improving blood pressure control, bariatric surgery also lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease and enhances overall heart health,” Sneha Annie Sebastian, MD, graduate of Azeezia Medical College in Kerala, India, and residency candidate from Alberta, Canada, said in a press release.
The meta-analysis included 1,386 patients with obesity (mean age, 46 years; 63% women; mean BMI, 38 kg/m2) randomly assigned to bariatric surgery or medical therapy and/or lifestyle management, with a follow-up of 1 to 5 years.
The surgeries conducted in the trials included Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, adjustable gastric banding and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch.
The pooled analysis of the 18 trials showed significant hypertension remission (RR = 2.77; 95% CI, 1.26-6.1; P = .01) and a reduction in antihypertensive medication use while maintaining BP control (RR = 7.1; 95% CI, 4.38-11.51; P < .00001) among patients who underwent bariatric surgery compared with patients assigned medical therapy and/or lifestyle management, with no heterogeneity.
In addition, bariatric surgery was associated with improved systolic BP control compared with medical therapy and/or lifestyle management (weighted mean difference, 3.67 mm Hg; 95% CI, 5.53 to 1.8; P = .0001).
“Bariatric surgery is an effective solution for managing obesity-related hypertension. Future research should focus on conducting randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up and large sample sizes, with a specific emphasis on hypertension outcomes, as many currently focus on diabetes outcomes. Furthermore, it is essential to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of different bariatric procedures for various patient profiles and to identify optimal candidates for each type of surgery,” Sebastian said in the release.
Reference:
- Analysis found weight-loss surgery may help people with obesity manage high blood pressure. https://newsroom.heart.org/news/analysis-found-weight-loss-surgery-may-help-people-with-obesity-manage-high-blood-pressure. Published Sept. 5, 2024. Accessed Sept. 5, 2024.
Collapse
Sebastian SA, et al. Abstract MP08. Presented at: Hypertension Scientific Sessions; Sept. 5-8, 2024; Chicago.
Click Here to Manage Email Alerts