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Cigarette smoking increases type 2 diabetes risk in black adults
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NEW ORLEANS — Black adults who smoke at least 20 cigarettes per day were more likely to develop type 2 diabetes compared with those who smoked one pack per day or less, according study findings presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions.
“Previous studies have demonstrated discrepant findings as to whether smoking is associated with insulin resistance and diabetes, but there are very little published data in blacks who are at a higher risk compared to other groups,” Wendy B. White, PhD, MPH, deputy director of the Jackson Heart Study Undergraduate Training and Education Center of Tougaloo College in Mississippi, and colleagues wrote. “Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and incident diabetes in black participants of the Jackson Heart Study.”
White and colleagues analyzed data from 2,999 Jackson Heart Study participants without type 2 diabetes at baseline. Participants were classified by their self-reported status as a current smoker (n = 361), past smoker (at least 400 cigarettes in their life; n = 504) or a never smoker (n = 2,133).
Among current smokers, 242 adults reported smoking between one and 10 cigarettes daily and 119 reported smoking at least 20 cigarettes daily. The mean age of current smokers was 52 years. During follow-up, 3,466 participants developed type 2 diabetes. After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, hypertension, total cholesterol, education, physical activity, prevalent CVD, alcohol consumption and waist circumference, researchers found that current smokers who smoked at least 20 cigarettes daily had a 62% higher incidence of type 2 diabetes vs. never smokers (IRR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.03-2.53). Participants who reported smoking between one and 19 cigarettes daily experienced a similar rate of incident type 2 diabetes (IRR = 1.08; 95% CI, 0.74-1.57) vs. past or never smokers (IRR = 1.13; 95% CI, 0.88-1.46), according to researchers.
“Smoking cessation should be strongly encouraged in blacks with risk factors for diabetes,” the researchers wrote. – by Regina Schaffer
Reference:
White WB, et al. Abstract S2043. Presented at: American Heart Association Scientific Sessions; Nov. 12-16, 2016; New Orleans.
Disclosure: White reports no relevant financial disclosures.