Stroke

In severe aortic valve regurgitation, Landolfi’s Sign refers to systolic contraction and diastolic dilation of the pupil and results from the large stroke volume present in this disease state.

Fibromuscular dysplasia is a disorder in which the arterial wall is abnormally thickened and fibrosed.

The CHADS 2 score is a system used to predict the risk of thromboembolic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation helping to guide to use of anticoagulation to prevent stroke.

Durant’s maneuver consists of placing the patient in the left lateral decubitus position in order to prevent a venous air embolism from lodging in the lungs.

Also known as “Sailer’s sign," in severe aortic valve regurgitation, Gerhardt’s sign is present when pulsations of the spleen are detected in the presence of splenomegaly. This is from the large forward stroke volume that is present in this state.

Endomyocardial fibrosis (a.k.a. Davies disease or Loeffler’s endocarditis) occurs from any disorder that elevates the eosinophil count such as parasitic infections.

The CHA₂DS₂-VASc Score is the most commonly utilized method to predict thromboembolic risk in atrial fibrillation.